Cyber-bullying is the use of the internet and related technologies to harm other people in a deliberate,repeated and hostile manner. As it has become more common in society,particularly among young people, legistation and awareness campaigns have arisen to combat it.
Cyber-bullying can be as simple as continuing to send e-mail to someone who has said they want no further contact with the sender,but it may also include treats,sexual remarks,pejorative labels ganging up on victims by marking them the subject of ridicule in forums and posting false statements as fact aimed as humiliation.
The practice of cyber-bullying is not limited to children and while the behavior is defined age groups is sometimes referred to as cyber-stalking or cyber-harasment when perpetrated
by adults towards adults,sometimes derived on the basis of sex.
Certain characteristics inherent in online technologies increase the likelihood that they will be exploited for deviant purpose.Unlike physical bullying,electronic bullies can remain virtually anonymous using temporary e-mail or accounts,cell-phone text messaging, and other internet venues to mask their identity;this perhaps free them from normative and social constrains on their behavior.
A number of bussinesses and organisations are in coalition to provide awareness,protective and recourse for the escalating problems.Some aim to inform and provide measures to avoid as well as effectively terminate cyber-bullying and cyber-harassment.Anti bullying Charity Against Bullying launch the cyberkind campaign in august 2009 to promote the positive internet usage.
firms have developed tools to help parents combat cyber-bullying. Cyberbully alert also documents the threatening message by saving a screen shot of the child's computer when the child triggers an alert.
Friday, 26 August 2011
Thursday, 25 August 2011
Article review of Making it easier for kids to move.
Everyone has been faced this part when they were young, and this time we do not know what to do next and just depends on to our parents.So,parents should take note about that and take action on in.Do not let your child behind without guidance and helper, because kid need a time to comfort with their new surroundings.You can try many methods to make your child easy to move by himself.
Firstly,you must always concern about every step and your child character.Maybe at first,he quite hard to accept and explained caused of most children they just accept all the surrounding even they do not like actually.They fill weird and have lots of questions that play in their mind such as 'why we must leave their old home?,is this not our home?,and so on.
If you know this will happened on your child,you should prepared some strategies to attract his mind and understanding.Maybe you can bring your child go to new house before you want totally leave your old house or you can show your new house picture or tells to him that you all will leave that home.So,your child will remind about that and more understand what is happened around them.
For my opinion,I agree with all the opinion on that article and that very helpful tips for people out there.Next, you can ask your child what would you do next.For example,clear and the house,then paint the wall
Firstly,you must always concern about every step and your child character.Maybe at first,he quite hard to accept and explained caused of most children they just accept all the surrounding even they do not like actually.They fill weird and have lots of questions that play in their mind such as 'why we must leave their old home?,is this not our home?,and so on.
If you know this will happened on your child,you should prepared some strategies to attract his mind and understanding.Maybe you can bring your child go to new house before you want totally leave your old house or you can show your new house picture or tells to him that you all will leave that home.So,your child will remind about that and more understand what is happened around them.
For my opinion,I agree with all the opinion on that article and that very helpful tips for people out there.Next, you can ask your child what would you do next.For example,clear and the house,then paint the wall
Article about Making it Easier for kids to move..
Moving With the Family: Helping Younger Kids
Kids feel a lot of uncertainties and fear during a move. They may not be able to voice out their concerns, but in one way or another, you'll find them having the need to adjust to what's happening around them.
You may get a lot of disapproval about your recent decision to leave your old home. It might be hard for them to accept the fact that they will finally be leaving their friends and favorite places behind. They might not be able to see themselves coping with a new place, with some new friends and neighborhood around.
These are some of the things that reminds us to get them emotionally and physically ready. Doing so can help a family as a whole to make the move not just successful but, also a happy and a memorable experience.
Nothing is better than getting them all prepped up and ready of what's to come. Breaking the news to them gently way before your scheduled move would be a good place to start. Try to get them as ready and as happy as you can towards that big day.
Here are some other tips to help your kids change the way they think about your move:
1. Include them in the planning process from day one. This way, they would feel like they are part of the decision-making process. This may lessen their uncertainties about what to expect. It also makes them feel like they are in control of the situation.
2. Prepare them emotionally. Let them ask questions and answer positively. Help them look forward to the things they would want in their new home, like a bedroom of their own.
3. As you pack your kid’s essentials kit, it would be a good idea to include someemotionally supportive entertainment stuff like crayons, coloring books, puzzles, books, etc. or some music.
4. Give them a background about the help you'll be getting from your movers, like the Movers in Beverly Hills California. Knowing that your family will get some help may make them feel better about the whole thing.
Getting ready this way can help you concentrate more on the other aspects of moving and thus, help your move to be more successful and make your kids happy and comfortable about it, as well.
Kids feel a lot of uncertainties and fear during a move. They may not be able to voice out their concerns, but in one way or another, you'll find them having the need to adjust to what's happening around them.
You may get a lot of disapproval about your recent decision to leave your old home. It might be hard for them to accept the fact that they will finally be leaving their friends and favorite places behind. They might not be able to see themselves coping with a new place, with some new friends and neighborhood around.
These are some of the things that reminds us to get them emotionally and physically ready. Doing so can help a family as a whole to make the move not just successful but, also a happy and a memorable experience.
Nothing is better than getting them all prepped up and ready of what's to come. Breaking the news to them gently way before your scheduled move would be a good place to start. Try to get them as ready and as happy as you can towards that big day.
Here are some other tips to help your kids change the way they think about your move:
1. Include them in the planning process from day one. This way, they would feel like they are part of the decision-making process. This may lessen their uncertainties about what to expect. It also makes them feel like they are in control of the situation.
2. Prepare them emotionally. Let them ask questions and answer positively. Help them look forward to the things they would want in their new home, like a bedroom of their own.
3. As you pack your kid’s essentials kit, it would be a good idea to include someemotionally supportive entertainment stuff like crayons, coloring books, puzzles, books, etc. or some music.
4. Give them a background about the help you'll be getting from your movers, like the Movers in Beverly Hills California. Knowing that your family will get some help may make them feel better about the whole thing.
Getting ready this way can help you concentrate more on the other aspects of moving and thus, help your move to be more successful and make your kids happy and comfortable about it, as well.
Saturday, 13 August 2011
Informal letter: Suicide letter..
No 20,lorong Au 2A/6,
Taman Sri Keramat,
54200 Selangor
9 September 2010.
Dear my friend,
I hope you are in a good condition right now.I have received your letter yesterday that you wrote all your sufferness and secret.Firstly,I appreciate that you want to share your story with me,and trust on me. Family problems makes you be like this.You always think that no anyone love you, accept you in all condition and undestand you.Thats why you feels alone,empty and takes decision to suicide, but have you ever thinks that Allah have always with you?.Allah will always with us,whenever you go and do something, He always see all our movement.I know you will thinks and feels that all people easy to give their motivational words to you because they do not have same boat with you.Yes, I admit that 'things are easier said than done',but I hope you can open your heart to accept and listen to my suggestion and motivation words.
You feel so lost
That your so alone
All you is see is night
And darkness all around
You feel so helpless
You can’t see which way to go
Don’t despair and never loose hope
Cause Allah is always by your side
Insha Allah x3
Insya Allah you’ll find your way
Everytime you commit one more mistake
You feel you can’t repent
And that its way too late
Your’re so confused, wrong decisions you have made
Haunt your mind and your heart is full of shame
Cause Allah is always by your side
Insha Allah x3
Insya Allah you’ll find your way
Insha Allah x3
Insya Allah you’ll find your way
Turn to Allah
He’s never far away
Put your trust in Him
Raise your hands and pray
OOO Ya Allah
Guide my steps don’t let me go astray
You’re the only one that showed me the way,
Showed me the way x2
Insyaallah x3
Insya Allah we’ll find the way
From this lyrics,you can get a few motivational words, and changed your decision to a better one. Everyone has a problem and we must face it,because Allah will not burden anyone with their limit of strength. For me,you must always thinks good in every qada' that Allah has stated on us.If every moment that your parents ignore about you,do not feels regret,because you have Allah and you try to makes your life happy also never hates your parents.Remember,if Allah not created our parents,we will not be here to feels like human. You should always ask yourself,'what should I do after this to rebuild my family bond?',because it is can help you a lot in future.Just imagine,if you falling in love with someone,every each moment you struggle all out to grap his heart and want to know him well.So, same like in your condition right now.
You know that you have a family problem,and do not ever you have a gapped with your family.Supposely,you must try hardly to solve this problem and takes action on it.Firstly,you must have a good conversation with them.You can spend your time eating together and share a lot of story and jokes.Besides, you must speak out to your father about your dream that you want to perform solat together,in the same time you can gathered your family members.Next, you try to get your parents favourite in all aspect.For example, you know that your father likes itallian food,so you try to cook for your father.It's help to makes your relation between you and your father becomes more closer.Let his own daughter cook for him,before other people try to get his heart.
You must be responsible on this family problem,do not think if your mother ignored this problem, and you will take the same action.That is totally wrong and you must always takes action on it.You wrote in this letter that your parents always feels ashamed because they have children like you.Do not feels down but you must change your character and makes your weakness to be your strengthness.I know it is the hard way for you to change but if you looks this with positive way,InsyaALLAH you can be the better person.Do not worry about it is success or not but the point is you try to save your family from getting worst condition.After you try very patiently,you just let Allah settle this problem(tawakkal).Additionally,you should have a strong and excellent mind-set,because if you not telling your mind that you want to change,it will occured on you.
On the other hands,if you choose to suicide,you must know that in Islam who are suicided themself,he will not called as Muslim.So,you must thinks about it twice.Then,if your heart still not feels calm,quickly you perform your pray.How to have a best perform in solat,that can makes people feel very calm and happy?.In this case that have related in our soul,heart and mind.Hence,we must do the best in front of Allah,so that Allah will bless us.We must have a highly concentration in solat and understand every words that we say in solat.Then,you will get a happy ang calm-hearted.In Islam has highlight about 'Allah will not change people's fate,but people's have power to change their own fate by do the best in every work that they did.Now,only you can change your future either in education, work and so on.Imagine this condition that have related with your problems,"Everyday you feels suffered,crazy,alone,empty and so on.Then,you take decision to kill yourself".Now,asked yourself,"What will happened to my future?.Do this family problem's solved?,and do my suiciding make they feel sad or happy?".Every step that we wnt it to be,wemust thinks first the effect on ourself and our future.
Today you are still alive.You should feels very grateful to Allah that He gives you chances to have a big changes in your life.You have a second chances to have a happy family, a success future, a high salary and many more by doing all of this.Always thinks and asked ourself,'why Allah created humans?'.This is because Allah wants people's obey to every each his commands.I hope that you can go through your life happily and harmony,also you must always be strong.
Problems
make people feel fear to face it
make people feel boring to face it
make people be a coward person
make people feel down in life
make people feel ungrateful in life
make people blame to god
make people be fool.
Success
not everyone can have it
not everyone struggle to get it
only a certain people can achieved this
people that always be tough
people that never feel fed up
people that never stop believing in god
people that always istiqamah in every work
people that always feel grateful to Allah.
Everyone will have desire to get marride and InsyaALLAH,you will be a good mother to all your children. Do not repeat the same thing to on your children.Whatever it is you must thinks about future.If you cannot bear it anymore try to find people that can leads you to do a good deeds and can console yourself. Then,try to have a soft-talk with your parents to leads them be a good role model and try to attracted them to think about Allah and their responsibility.Lastly, do not stop believing on everything that you believe you can achieved.
Everyday
Thinks about life
Every moment
Thinks about Allah
Everywhere
Thinks about future
Every minute
Thinks about changes of attitude
May Allah bless...
On the other hands,if you choose to suicide,you must know that in Islam who are suicided themself,he will not called as Muslim.So,you must thinks about it twice.Then,if your heart still not feels calm,quickly you perform your pray.How to have a best perform in solat,that can makes people feel very calm and happy?.In this case that have related in our soul,heart and mind.Hence,we must do the best in front of Allah,so that Allah will bless us.We must have a highly concentration in solat and understand every words that we say in solat.Then,you will get a happy ang calm-hearted.In Islam has highlight about 'Allah will not change people's fate,but people's have power to change their own fate by do the best in every work that they did.Now,only you can change your future either in education, work and so on.Imagine this condition that have related with your problems,"Everyday you feels suffered,crazy,alone,empty and so on.Then,you take decision to kill yourself".Now,asked yourself,"What will happened to my future?.Do this family problem's solved?,and do my suiciding make they feel sad or happy?".Every step that we wnt it to be,wemust thinks first the effect on ourself and our future.
Today you are still alive.You should feels very grateful to Allah that He gives you chances to have a big changes in your life.You have a second chances to have a happy family, a success future, a high salary and many more by doing all of this.Always thinks and asked ourself,'why Allah created humans?'.This is because Allah wants people's obey to every each his commands.I hope that you can go through your life happily and harmony,also you must always be strong.
Problems
make people feel fear to face it
make people feel boring to face it
make people be a coward person
make people feel down in life
make people feel ungrateful in life
make people blame to god
make people be fool.
Success
not everyone can have it
not everyone struggle to get it
only a certain people can achieved this
people that always be tough
people that never feel fed up
people that never stop believing in god
people that always istiqamah in every work
people that always feel grateful to Allah.
Everyone will have desire to get marride and InsyaALLAH,you will be a good mother to all your children. Do not repeat the same thing to on your children.Whatever it is you must thinks about future.If you cannot bear it anymore try to find people that can leads you to do a good deeds and can console yourself. Then,try to have a soft-talk with your parents to leads them be a good role model and try to attracted them to think about Allah and their responsibility.Lastly, do not stop believing on everything that you believe you can achieved.
Everyday
Thinks about life
Every moment
Thinks about Allah
Everywhere
Thinks about future
Every minute
Thinks about changes of attitude
May Allah bless...
your sincerely,
Lina
(Salina binti Salim)
Review previous of article of love..
It is so common the meaning of love has been restricted in the modern age to the love relationship between a man and a woman. This is a very narrow-minded view of love, because Islam has is own comprehensive view of love.
The firstof love that Islam calls for is the Love of Allah (SWT), praise be to Him. This love makes you avoid commiting sins in order notto make whom you love, Allah,get angry with you. This love also urges you to contemplate all the different aspect of nature that usually leads you to have a deeper faith in the Creator who created all this beauty round us.
The second type of love is the love of Holy Prophet Muhammad (saw). This love also makes you follow the example of Holy Prophet Muhammad (saw) in all his dealings and manners. Also this love is an indication of the love of Allah(SWT) as stated in the Noble Qur'an,"say: If you do love Allah, Follow me: Allah will love you and forgive you your sins: For Allah is Oft-Forgiving,Most Merciful"."Say:"Obey Allah and His Messenger: But if they turn back, Allah loves not those who reject Faith."
The third type of love is human love. It means that the Muslim has to love his other fellow men regardless of their ethnic,linguistic or cultural background. This includes love of neighbors, collagues, relatives and even strangers.This type of love persuades the Muslim to help anybody whenever he can. There are numerous of Ahadith that exort Muslims to help anybody who really needs because such an altruistic act takes the Muslim one step closer to Allah(SWT).
The fourth type of love is the love between a man and a woman, but Islam organizes and regulates these lofty feelings within the framework of marriage because Islam views that marital love leads the couple to have a peaceful and happy family life,which is the core of the Muslim society.
In other words,this love is acceptable as long as it is within the framework of marriage and this is encouraged in a number of verses in the Noble Qur'an,"And one of His sign is that he created mate for you,from yourselve that you may find rest in them,and also he put between you love and compassion;most surely there are signs in this for a people who are reflect".
The firstof love that Islam calls for is the Love of Allah (SWT), praise be to Him. This love makes you avoid commiting sins in order notto make whom you love, Allah,get angry with you. This love also urges you to contemplate all the different aspect of nature that usually leads you to have a deeper faith in the Creator who created all this beauty round us.
The second type of love is the love of Holy Prophet Muhammad (saw). This love also makes you follow the example of Holy Prophet Muhammad (saw) in all his dealings and manners. Also this love is an indication of the love of Allah(SWT) as stated in the Noble Qur'an,"say: If you do love Allah, Follow me: Allah will love you and forgive you your sins: For Allah is Oft-Forgiving,Most Merciful"."Say:"Obey Allah and His Messenger: But if they turn back, Allah loves not those who reject Faith."
The third type of love is human love. It means that the Muslim has to love his other fellow men regardless of their ethnic,linguistic or cultural background. This includes love of neighbors, collagues, relatives and even strangers.This type of love persuades the Muslim to help anybody whenever he can. There are numerous of Ahadith that exort Muslims to help anybody who really needs because such an altruistic act takes the Muslim one step closer to Allah(SWT).
The fourth type of love is the love between a man and a woman, but Islam organizes and regulates these lofty feelings within the framework of marriage because Islam views that marital love leads the couple to have a peaceful and happy family life,which is the core of the Muslim society.
In other words,this love is acceptable as long as it is within the framework of marriage and this is encouraged in a number of verses in the Noble Qur'an,"And one of His sign is that he created mate for you,from yourselve that you may find rest in them,and also he put between you love and compassion;most surely there are signs in this for a people who are reflect".
Wednesday, 3 August 2011
review of Glee episode.
Will informs the glee club that Puck's been sent to a juvenile detention center after crashing his mom's Volvo through the front of a convenience store and driving off with the ATM machine. While the students are concerned about losing Puck's voice and "bad boy stage presence," Will reveals that new student Sam Evans will be filling the empty slot just in time for a lesson on pairing up for duets. Will proclaims that the lesson is also a competition: the winner gets dinner for two at Breadsticks.
Kurt suspects, hopefully, that Sam is playing on "Team Gay" (and is a secret bleached blonde) - though Mercedes doubts it - and offers to pair up with him on the duet project. During an intimate moment with Santana (who is using her as a substitute for Puck), Brittany wants to duet with her, but Santana vetoes the idea and approaches Mercedes instead, persuasively arguing that together they're the two best singers in the school. Finn tries to steer Kurt away from singing with Sam, suggesting that smitten Kurt doesn't know how to take no for an answer and the school-wide teasing Sam will receive will cause him to quit glee club.
Rachel and Finn duet together on Elton John and Kiki Dee's "Don't Go Breaking My Heart," sounding so good that Finn's convinced that they'll win. But Rachel realizes that she's only been motivated to do well when something's in it for her. Inspired to be a better person like Finn, she suggests that they throw the competition in favor of Sam to make him feel like a part of the team and help carry them to win nationals. Impressed, Finn agrees, but he points out that this means there IS something in it for Rachel. They choose to ignore that and begin plotting their own failure.
Brittany offers to be Artie's girlfriend in a bid to pair up with him on the duet project, while Tina and Mike Chang's increasing arguments threaten both their duet and their relationship. Sam's agreed to duet with Kurt, but Finn tries to convince him that doing so means doom for his potential popularity. Sam plans to stick to his word, but a severe slushie-ing from Azimo and Karofsky makes him reconsider, especially when Quinn helps him clean up and a spark ignites between them.
Tending to his dad, Burt, who's recovering from his heart attack, Kurt opens up about his issues. Burt tries to counsel him about treading more carefully in his advances toward straight guys and learning to go it alone until he finds the right partner. Meanwhile, a cocky Mercedes and Santana team up for a fierce version of Ike & Tina Turner's "River Deep, Mountain High."
Kurt approaches Sam in the locker room shower, surprising him by releasing Sam from their pairing. Using the analogy of Grease and Grease 2, Rachel and Finn decide to perform not just a lesser song to throw their duet; they'll also make it an offensive song. Tina suggests that she and Artie team up to win and share the winning dinner together, but a smug Artie reveals that he's already musically - and romantically - paired.
Kurt announces that he'll be duetting with himself, because when you're special and different, sometimes you have to learn to go it alone. He sings "Le Jazz Hot" from Victor/Victoria in male/female duality. Sam proposes a duet with Quinn over a seductive guitar lesson that leads to a near kiss, but Quinn gets scared. Committed to regaining her popularity, she's worried about repeating her past mistakes by giving in to her needy feelings, so she refuses to duet with Sam.
Tina and Mike Chang team for an animated rendition of "Sing!" from A Chorus Line, using his seemingly awkward singing and dance skills to great advantage. Rachel tries to talk Quinn into partnering with Sam, but Quinn suspects an agenda; Finn works on Sam, and soon Quinn and Sam are a team. Artie and Brittany struggle with crafting their duet, as Artie realizes that he's not over Tina, but Brittany offers to help by seducing him.
Rachel and Finn unveil their designed-to-tank duet, performing Billy Preston and Syreeta's "With You I'm Born Again" in costume as a nun and a priest. They feign shock when Will and the glee club find it inappropriate. Sam and Quinn's chemistry ignites on Jason Mraz's "Lucky." Artie breaks up with Brittany after a scheming Santana poisons him against her; he's upset because Brittany took advantage of how important losing his virginity was to him after his accident.
Will announces that Sam and Quinn are the winners of the competition (by only two votes: Rachel and Finn's). Rachel sympathizes with Kurt, reassuring him that while he's lonely, he's not really alone because the glee club cares for him. She offers to duet with him, just for the two of them, in a genuinely agenda-less gesture.
Over dinner at Breadsticks, Quinn tries to keep her barriers up, but Sam wins her over when he admits that he bleached his hair to reinvent himself at McKinley. She takes away the winning coupon and tells Sam he's paying, because the dinner's now their first date. Rachel and Kurt duet on a bluesy mash-up of "Get Happy" and "Happy Days Are Here Again," à la Barbra Streisand and Judy Garland, and we see that a lonely Brittany feels genuinely bad about spoiling her relationship with Artie...
Kurt suspects, hopefully, that Sam is playing on "Team Gay" (and is a secret bleached blonde) - though Mercedes doubts it - and offers to pair up with him on the duet project. During an intimate moment with Santana (who is using her as a substitute for Puck), Brittany wants to duet with her, but Santana vetoes the idea and approaches Mercedes instead, persuasively arguing that together they're the two best singers in the school. Finn tries to steer Kurt away from singing with Sam, suggesting that smitten Kurt doesn't know how to take no for an answer and the school-wide teasing Sam will receive will cause him to quit glee club.
Rachel and Finn duet together on Elton John and Kiki Dee's "Don't Go Breaking My Heart," sounding so good that Finn's convinced that they'll win. But Rachel realizes that she's only been motivated to do well when something's in it for her. Inspired to be a better person like Finn, she suggests that they throw the competition in favor of Sam to make him feel like a part of the team and help carry them to win nationals. Impressed, Finn agrees, but he points out that this means there IS something in it for Rachel. They choose to ignore that and begin plotting their own failure.
Brittany offers to be Artie's girlfriend in a bid to pair up with him on the duet project, while Tina and Mike Chang's increasing arguments threaten both their duet and their relationship. Sam's agreed to duet with Kurt, but Finn tries to convince him that doing so means doom for his potential popularity. Sam plans to stick to his word, but a severe slushie-ing from Azimo and Karofsky makes him reconsider, especially when Quinn helps him clean up and a spark ignites between them.
Tending to his dad, Burt, who's recovering from his heart attack, Kurt opens up about his issues. Burt tries to counsel him about treading more carefully in his advances toward straight guys and learning to go it alone until he finds the right partner. Meanwhile, a cocky Mercedes and Santana team up for a fierce version of Ike & Tina Turner's "River Deep, Mountain High."
Kurt approaches Sam in the locker room shower, surprising him by releasing Sam from their pairing. Using the analogy of Grease and Grease 2, Rachel and Finn decide to perform not just a lesser song to throw their duet; they'll also make it an offensive song. Tina suggests that she and Artie team up to win and share the winning dinner together, but a smug Artie reveals that he's already musically - and romantically - paired.
Kurt announces that he'll be duetting with himself, because when you're special and different, sometimes you have to learn to go it alone. He sings "Le Jazz Hot" from Victor/Victoria in male/female duality. Sam proposes a duet with Quinn over a seductive guitar lesson that leads to a near kiss, but Quinn gets scared. Committed to regaining her popularity, she's worried about repeating her past mistakes by giving in to her needy feelings, so she refuses to duet with Sam.
Tina and Mike Chang team for an animated rendition of "Sing!" from A Chorus Line, using his seemingly awkward singing and dance skills to great advantage. Rachel tries to talk Quinn into partnering with Sam, but Quinn suspects an agenda; Finn works on Sam, and soon Quinn and Sam are a team. Artie and Brittany struggle with crafting their duet, as Artie realizes that he's not over Tina, but Brittany offers to help by seducing him.
Rachel and Finn unveil their designed-to-tank duet, performing Billy Preston and Syreeta's "With You I'm Born Again" in costume as a nun and a priest. They feign shock when Will and the glee club find it inappropriate. Sam and Quinn's chemistry ignites on Jason Mraz's "Lucky." Artie breaks up with Brittany after a scheming Santana poisons him against her; he's upset because Brittany took advantage of how important losing his virginity was to him after his accident.
Will announces that Sam and Quinn are the winners of the competition (by only two votes: Rachel and Finn's). Rachel sympathizes with Kurt, reassuring him that while he's lonely, he's not really alone because the glee club cares for him. She offers to duet with him, just for the two of them, in a genuinely agenda-less gesture.
Over dinner at Breadsticks, Quinn tries to keep her barriers up, but Sam wins her over when he admits that he bleached his hair to reinvent himself at McKinley. She takes away the winning coupon and tells Sam he's paying, because the dinner's now their first date. Rachel and Kurt duet on a bluesy mash-up of "Get Happy" and "Happy Days Are Here Again," à la Barbra Streisand and Judy Garland, and we see that a lonely Brittany feels genuinely bad about spoiling her relationship with Artie...
Sunday, 31 July 2011
Article: LOVE.
Love is an emotion of strong affection and personal attachment.[1] In philosophical context, love is a virtue representing all of human kindness, compassion.[2] Love may also be described as actions towards others (or oneself) based on compassion, or as actions towards others based on affection.[3]
The word "love" can have a variety of related but distinct meanings in different contexts. Often, other languages use multiple words to express some of the different concepts that English relies mainly on "love" to plurality of Greek words for "love." Cultural differences in conceptualizing love thus make it doubly difficult to establish any universal definition.[7]
Although the nature or essence of love is a subject of frequent debate, different aspects of the word can be clarified by determining what isn't love. As a general expression of positive sentiment (a stronger form of like), love is commonly contrasted with hate (or neutral apathy); as a less sexual and more emotionally intimate form of romantic attachment, love is commonly contrasted with lust; and as an interpersonal relationship with romantic overtones, love is sometimes contrasted with friendship, although the word love is often applied to close friendships.
When discussed in the abstract, love usually refers to interpersonal love, an experience felt by a person for another person. Love often involves caring for or identifying with a person or thing (cf. vulnerability and care theory of love), including oneself (cf. narcissism). In addition to cross-cultural differences in understanding love, ideas about love have also changed greatly over time. Some historians date modern conceptions of after the Middle Ages, although the prior existence of romantic attachments is attested by ancient love poetry.[8]
Persian
In English, the word love can refer to a variety of different feelings, states, and attitudes, ranging from generic pleasure ("I loved that meal") to intense interpersonal attraction ("I love my partner"). "Love" can also refer specifically to the passionate desire and intimacy of romantic love, to the sexual love of eros (cf. Greek words for love), to the emotional closeness of familial love, or to the platonic love that defines friendship,[4] to the profound oneness or devotion of religious love.[5] This diversity of uses and meanings, combined with the complexity of the feelings involved, makes love unusually difficult to consistently define, even compared to other emotional states.
Love in its various forms acts as a major facilitator of interpersonal relationships and, owing to its central psychological importance, is one of the most common themes in the creative arts.
Helen Fisher defines what could be understood as love as an evolved state of the survival instinct, primarily used to keep human beings together against menaces and to facilitate the continuation of the species through reproduction.[6], and affection.The word "love" can have a variety of related but distinct meanings in different contexts. Often, other languages use multiple words to express some of the different concepts that English relies mainly on "love" to plurality of Greek words for "love." Cultural differences in conceptualizing love thus make it doubly difficult to establish any universal definition.[7]
Although the nature or essence of love is a subject of frequent debate, different aspects of the word can be clarified by determining what isn't love. As a general expression of positive sentiment (a stronger form of like), love is commonly contrasted with hate (or neutral apathy); as a less sexual and more emotionally intimate form of romantic attachment, love is commonly contrasted with lust; and as an interpersonal relationship with romantic overtones, love is sometimes contrasted with friendship, although the word love is often applied to close friendships.
When discussed in the abstract, love usually refers to interpersonal love, an experience felt by a person for another person. Love often involves caring for or identifying with a person or thing (cf. vulnerability and care theory of love), including oneself (cf. narcissism). In addition to cross-cultural differences in understanding love, ideas about love have also changed greatly over time. Some historians date modern conceptions of after the Middle Ages, although the prior existence of romantic attachments is attested by ancient love poetry.[8]
Because of the complex and abstract nature of love, discourse on love is commonly reduced to a thought-terminating cliché, and there are a number of common proverbs regarding love, from Virgil's "Love conquers all" to The Beatles' "All You Need Is Love". St. Thomas Aquinas, following Aristotle, defines love as "to will the good of another."[9] Bertrand Russell describes love as a condition of "absolute value," as opposed to relative value. Philosopher Gottfried Leibniz said that love is "to be delighted by the happiness of another."[10]
Love is sometimes referred to as being the "international language", overriding cultural and linguistic divisions.
Interpersonal love
Interpersonal love refers to love between human beings. It is a more potent sentiment than a simple liking for another. Unrequited love refers to those feelings of love that are not reciprocated. Interpersonal love is most closely associated with interpersonal relationships.[11] Such love might exist between family members, friends, and couples. There are also a number of psychological disorders related to love, such as erotomania.
Throughout history, philosophy and religion have done the most speculation on the phenomenon of love. In the last century, the science of psychology has written a great deal on the subject. In recent years, the sciences of evolutionary psychology, evolutionary biology, anthropology, neuroscience, and biology have added to the understanding of the nature and function of love.
Cultural views
Persian
Rumi, Hafez and Sa'di are icons of the passion and love that the Persian culture and language present. The Persian word for love is eshgh, derived from the Arabic ishq, however is considered by most to be too stalwart a term for interpersonal love and is more commonly substituted for 'doost dashtan' ('liking'). In the Persian culture, everything is encompassed by love and all is for love, starting from loving friends and family, husbands and wives, and eventually reaching the divine love that is the ultimate goal in life. Over seven centuries ago, Sa'di wrote:
The children of Adam are limbs of one body
Having been created of one essence.
When the calamity of time afflicts one limb
The other limbs cannot remain at rest.
If you have no sympathy for the troubles of others
You are not worthy to be called by the name of "man."
Chinese and other Sinic cultures
adopting different attitudes towards different people, love should be unconditional and offered to everyone without regard to reciprocation, not just to friends, family and other Confucian relations. Later in Chinese Buddhism, the term Ai (愛) was adopted to refer to a passionate caring love and was considered a fundamental desire. In Buddhism, Ai was seen as capable of being either selfish or selfless, the latter being a key element towards enlightenment."Ai," the traditional Chinese character for love (愛) consists of a heart (middle) inside of "accept," "feel," or "perceive," which shows a graceful emotion. It can also be interpreted as a hand offering ones heart to another hand.
Two philosophical underpinnings of love exist in the Chinese tradition, one from Confucianism which emphasized actions and duty while the other came from Mohism which championed a universal love. A core concept to Confucianism is Ren ("benevolent love", 仁), which focuses on duty, action and attitude in a relationship rather than love itself. In Confucianism, one displays benevolent love by performing actions such as filial piety from children, kindness from parent, loyalty to the king and so forth.
The concept of Ai (愛) was developed by the Chinese philosopher Mozi in the 4th century BC in reaction to Confucianism's benevolent love. Mozi tried to replace what he considered to be the long-entrenched Chinese over-attachment to family and clan structures with the concept of "universal love" (jiān'ài, 兼愛). In this, he argued directly against Confucians who believed that it was natural and correct for people to care about different people in different degrees. Mozi, by contrast, believed people in principle should care for all people equally. Mohism stressed that In contemporary Chinese, Ai (愛) is often used as the equivalent of the Western concept of love. Ai is used as both a verb (e.g. wo ai ni 我愛你, or "I love you") and a noun (such as aiqing 愛情, or "romantic love"). However, due to the influence of Confucian Ren, the phrase ‘Wo ai ni’ (I love you) carries with it a very specific sense of responsibility, commitment and loyalty. Instead of frequently saying "I love you" as in some Western societies, the Chinese are more likely to express feelings of affection in a more casual way. Consequently, "I like you" (Wo xihuan ni, 我喜欢你) is a more common way of expressing affection in Chinese; it is more playful and less serious.[20] This is also true in Japanese (suki da, 好きだ). The Chinese are also more likely to say "I love you" in English or other foreign languages than they would in their mother tongue.
Japanese
In Japanese Buddhism, ai (愛) is passionate caring love, and a fundamental desire. It can develop towards either selfishness or selflessness and enlightenment. Amae (甘え), a Japanese word meaning "indulgent dependence," is part of the child-rearing culture of Japan. Japanese mothers are expected to hug and indulge their children, and children are expected to reward their mothers by clinging and serving. Some sociologists have suggested that Japanese social interactions in later life are modeled on the mother-child amae.Religious views
Islam
In a sense, love does encompass the Islamic view of life as universal brotherhood that applies to all who hold the faith. There are no direct references stating that God is love, but amongst the 99 names of God (Allah), there is the name Al-Wadud, or "the Loving One," which is found in Surah [Qur'an 11:90] as well as Surah [Qur'an 85:14]. It refers to God as being "full of loving kindness." All who hold the faith have God's love, but to what degree or effort he has pleased God depends on the individual itself.
Ishq, or divine love, is the emphasis of Sufism. Sufis believe that love is a projection of the essence of God to the universe. God desires to recognize beauty, and as if one looks at a mirror to see oneself, God "looks" at itself within the dynamics of nature. Since everything is a reflection of God, the school of Sufism practices to see the beauty inside the apparently ugly. Sufism is often referred to as the religion of love.[citation needed] God in Sufism is referred to in three main terms, which are the Lover, Loved, and Beloved, with the last of these terms being often seen in Sufi poetry. A common viewpoint of Sufism is that through love, humankind can get back to its inherent purity and grace. The saints of Sufism are infamous for being "drunk" due to their love of God; hence, the constant reference to wine in Sufi poetry and music.[citation needed].
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